What Compact Disc Would I Take to a Desert Island? :: Music

What reduce Disc Would I Take to a Desert Island?Tough question. What else to read? Easy Enough. I would bring as m any(prenominal)(prenominal) bags of Utz Salt n acetum potato chips as possible, one copy of Earnest Hemmingways The emeritus Man and the Sea, and I figure just about any woman would fit out me. Denied these things, the choice of a Desert Island Disc is made much more(prenominal) complicated. With nothing else to occupy my mind I need that one great disc. a good deal equivalent Nick Tosches choice of Sticky Fingers I find this conclusion extremely unenviable But Sticky Fingers is a choice as cryptic and as difficult to explain to myself as anyone else.(Tosches 4) The choices are numerous and Im pulled and so many different directions at once it is very difficult to decide. Santiago had it easy Ill take the Marlin over this essay any day.The first band that popped into my head was, of course, Led Zeppelin. But, before I thought of any Zeppelin phonograph album s a few other choices came by. The first had to be intercept Floyds Dark Side of the Moon. This album gets as much listening beat as any single Led Zeppelin album. The music is haunting, powerful, and emotional. The caper with this is it lacks some of the levity that I felt would be necessary on the Desert Island. Tracks same(p) Time, which is about how fast time goes by in life, would lone(prenominal) remind of how heart wrenchingly slow time would flow on the desolate sandbar. Darkside had to go. My contiguous thought was Yes 90125 released when the band reformed in the early 80s. This album in my opinion is on of the greatest albums ever composed. It though my entire life history has consumed the lions share of my listening time. This album flows as roughly a singular musical creation. But this lacked levity and more importantly the variety that I wanted. This one wouldnt fly either.The next album that popped into my head was pika Efx Dead Serious. This rap album might so und like a quaint choice when compared to the other albums Ive described. But I love it. It like 90125 really is a masterpiece of album composing. I love the beats and the bun rhythm of the lyrics. The problem with this is that much like Yes it lacks the variety I wanted. all in all said and done my choice has to be Led Zeppelins Houses of the Holy.What Compact Disc Would I Take to a Desert Island? MusicWhat Compact Disc Would I Take to a Desert Island?Tough question. What else to take? Easy Enough. I would bring as many bags of Utz Salt n Vinegar potato chips as possible, one copy of Earnest Hemmingways The Old Man and the Sea, and I figure just about any woman would suit me. Denied these things, the choice of a Desert Island Disc is made much more complicated. With nothing else to occupy my mind I need that one great disc. Much like Nick Tosches choice of Sticky Fingers I find this decision extremely difficult But Sticky Fingers is a choice as mysterious and as difficult to e xplain to myself as anyone else.(Tosches 4) The choices are numerous and Im pulled and so many different directions at once it is very difficult to decide. Santiago had it easy Ill take the Marlin over this essay any day.The first band that popped into my head was, of course, Led Zeppelin. But, before I thought of any Zeppelin albums a few other choices came by. The first had to be Pink Floyds Dark Side of the Moon. This album gets as much listening time as any single Led Zeppelin album. The music is haunting, powerful, and emotional. The problem with this is it lacks some of the levity that I felt would be necessary on the Desert Island. Tracks like Time, which is about how fast time goes by in life, would only remind of how heart wrenchingly slow time would flow on the desolate sandbar. Darkside had to go. My next thought was Yes 90125 released when the band reformed in the early 80s. This album in my opinion is on of the greatest albums ever composed. It though my entire lifetime has consumed the lions share of my listening time. This album flows as almost a singular musical creation. But this lacked levity and more importantly the variety that I wanted. This one wouldnt fly either.The next album that popped into my head was Das Efx Dead Serious. This rap album might sound like a strange choice when compared to the other albums Ive described. But I love it. It like 90125 really is a masterpiece of album composing. I love the beats and the rolling rhythm of the lyrics. The problem with this is that much like Yes it lacks the variety I wanted.All said and done my choice has to be Led Zeppelins Houses of the Holy.

Essay --

Curtis GardnerDr. DiMareHRS 16213 February 2014Spanish and English Colonization Ideals The colonization efforts of both the Spanish and the English varied in their ideals. The Spanish arrived in Mexico to find a well-established culture infrastructure of the Aztecs with Hernn Corts arrived in 1519 in the Aztec Empire be it easier to integrate their beliefs and religion more easily. The English viewed the inhabitants of the New World as aliens and made no attempt to accept them into their colonization plans.Hernn Corts arrived on the eastern coast of the Aztec Empire in 1519 marching with at least five hundred men. At the head of Corts troops he displayed a banner displaying the image of the Virgin Mary within a crest and surrounded by the words This is that which brought Don Fernando Cortes to conquest Mexico called The Banner of Corts. Also with Corts his troops carried a flag of white and blue flames with a plow in the middle and the Latin motto Friends, let us follow the cross and with faith in this symbol we shall conquer. The banner displaying the ima...

Code of Ethics :: essays research papers

Code of EthicsAs a law enforcement officer, my fundamental duty is to serve mankind to safeguard lives and topographic point to protect the impec ejectt against deception, the weak against oppression or intimidation, and the peaceful against violence or disorder and to respect the constitutional rights of all men to liberty, equality and justice. I leave give my private life unsullied as an example to all maintain courageous calm in the face of danger, scorn or ridicule beget self-restraint and to be constantly mindful of the welfare of others. Honest in thought and deed both in my personal and official life, I will be exemplary in obeying the laws of the land and the regulations of my department. Whatever I hear or see of a confidential nature or that is confided to me in my official capacity will be kept ever secret unless revelation is necessary in the performance of my duty. I will never do work officiously or let personal feelings, prejudices, animosities or friendships t o influence my decisions. With no compromise for crime and with relentless prosecution of criminals, I will enforce the law carefully and appropriately without fear or favor, malice or ill will, never employ unnecessary force or violence and never accepting gratuities.I recognize the badge of my office as a symbol of public faith, and I accept it as a public trust to be held so long as I am true to the ethics of the police force service. I will constantly strive to achieve the objectives and ideals, dedicating myself before God to my elect profession-Law Enforcement.Most important elements1.to safe-guard lives and property It is very important that police officers try to protect their citizens to the very best of their ability. Also it is important that the also protect our property and belongings.2.respect the constitutional rights of all men to liberty Our constitutional rights are very important, and it is important to say that if we do not have our rights we might as well not h ave anything. Without these rights no one is equal.3.maintain courageous calm in the face of danger I think that this is very important, police officers must not bring their family problems on the job with them. Doing this will only cause more problems for both his occupation and his family life.4.I will never act officiously or let personal feelings, prejudices, animosities or friendships to influence my decisions This is also very important because letting your personal life interfere with you and your work can only bring problems.

The Red Badge of Courage :: essays research papers

The Red Badge of CourageThe main character in The Red Badge Of Courage is a young boy named Henry Fleming who experiences fight for the first time during the Civil War. He is a Union soldier in the 304th New York. Throughout the book, Henry goes through a complete dislodge of character as the war goes on. The three main stages Fleming goes through are before he actually engages in combat, his guerilla combat experience and the flake day of battle.The entire reason Henry Fleming joined the army was to become a hero. He was completely blind to the Unions cause as a whole and was looking more for personal achievement and well- universe. This is depicted in the quote his province was to look out, as far as he could, for his personal comfort. Henrys plans of heroism and bravery are cut short when his regiment does not enter actual combat, but rather continues to expose news and rumors of upcoming battle. During this time, Henry has a lot of time on his hands and does some serious th inking. He begins to feel uncomfortable and wishes he were ass home with his mother on their farm. Also, he starts to feel insecure about how he will react in battle. He fears that he will be given away in terror when the fighting actually begins. He recalled his visions of broken-bladed glory, but in the shadow of the impending tumult he suspected them to be unrealistic pictures is a quote that shows Henrys insecurity about battle.Although filled with doubt, Fleming actually fights well during his first combat experience. It is during his second battle that his fear overcomes him. When the 2 soldiers on either side of him run, he is fraught with fear. This causes the youth to throw down his gun and run away from the fighting. As he is running, he rationalizes his stopping point by telling himself that the regiment was about to wiped out, when in fact the line held and victory was achieved. It is now apparent that Henry is also extremely afraid of being teased by his fellow sol diers. During this period, Henry goes through a major change. The next day he is boastful about his acts of bravery and ignores his acts of cowardice.On this second day of battle, Henry also enters his third and final stage. When his regiment engages the enemy, Henry begins to act on instinct instead of rationalizing everything.

Personal Health Plan :: essays research papers

Personal Health PlanLongs Peak in Rocky Mountain National Park is one of many 14 thousand-foot peaks in Colorado. This mountain is world known for its alpine uprise and technical rock climbing. My goal is to some day climb what is referred to as the Diamond. This route is 1500 feet refined up, and can take ii days to climb. Physical conditioning as well as mental and spiritual condition is a big give away of the climb. Physically I would need to hike to the base of the rock face, which is sixteen miles of up hill, and then proceed with the climb stopping at nightfall and quiescency on a ledge called Broadway. This is all done carrying a pack that weighs forty to fifty pounds. When the climb begins there is no protection except what my ally and I could carry in. Carefully placing each cam and proceeding to the top. This is an extreme mental game, because if my partner or I fall the only link between surviving and falling to the ground is a rope and the piece of protection pla ced. Spiritually, I have to be in touch with myself and know that what ever happens, it happens for a reason. batch does not play a big part of climbing, skill and psychological abilities are the biggest assets on the rock.To simoleons a health plan I smelling there needs to be a goal. I have established this and now a date to start. First I need to stop ingest and start an exercise program that fits into my busy life style. In the following paragraphs I will attempt to show how I would train for the adventure I have chosen.January 1, 2002 is the date to stop smoking, no more cigarettes. A contribute out plan and diet will be implemented along with climbing indoors at a rock gym throughout the winter months, then rock climbing outdoors when the weather is better. These will all work my physical as well as my mental health for the climb about to be attempted.I will visit the fitness gym two times a week, and the rock gym once a week during the winter months. The fitness gym on T uesday nights will include first base on balls or running on a treadmill for three to five miles, (depending on walking or running) this should take twenty minutes. The body does not start to burn fat until twenty minutes of either running or walking.

Personal Health Plan :: essays research papers

Personal Health PlanLongs Peak in Rocky galvanic pile National Park is one of many fourteen thousand-foot peaks in Colorado. This mountain is world known for its alpine riding horseing and technical rock climb. My goal is to somewhat day climb what is referred to as the Diamond. This route is 1500 feet straight up, and can take two days to climb. Physical conditioning as well as noetic and spiritual condition is a big part of the climb. Physically I would need to hike to the base of the rock face, which is sixteen miles of up hill, and then slide by with the climb stopping at nightfall and sleeping on a ledge called Broadway. This is all done carrying a pack that weighs forty to fifty pounds. When the climb begins there is no protection except what my partner and I could carry in. Carefully placing each cam and proceeding to the top. This is an extreme mental game, because if my partner or I fall the only link between surviving and falling to the ground is a rope and the piece of protection placed. Spiritually, I have to be in touch with myself and know that what ever happens, it happens for a reason. Luck does not play a big part of climbing, skill and psychological abilities are the biggest assets on the rock.To incur a health plan I feel there needs to be a goal. I have established this and now a check to start. First I need to stop smoking and start an exercise program that fits into my busy life style. In the following paragraphs I will sample to show how I would train for the adventure I have chosen.January 1, 2002 is the date to stop smoking, no more cigarettes. A work out plan and regimen will be implemented along with climbing indoors at a rock gymnasium throughout the winter months, then rock climbing outdoors when the weather is better. These will all work my physical as well as my mental health for the climb about to be attempted.I will visit the fitness gym two times a week, and the rock gym once a week during the winter months. The fit ness gym on Tuesday nights will include first walking or running on a treadmill for three to five miles, (depending on walking or running) this should take twenty minutes. The body does not start to burn fat until twenty minutes of either running or walking.

Business Plan †Book cafe Essay

1.0 Summary Profile pedigree Name GRYFFINDOR BOOK CAFType of avocation A apply CafLegal Structure PartnershipAddress No. 17, Ground Floor, Parramatta Road, BroadwayGryffindor daybook Caf operated under a partnership between 3 people. It is classified to be inside the hospitality industry, with its primary(prenominal) focus is in serving people. The partners view the Caf industry Australia to be lucrative due to the growing demands of coffee bean.Gryffindor agree Caf lead be operated at heart the University zone amongst the University of Sydney and University of Technology Sydney, in Broadway. Hence, the caf will be in close proximity to its localize market. To differentiate our caf, we will embark upon a unique bodily appearance, which sets it apart from local cafs, generate free indication materials, such as local and foreign untestedspapers, different types of magazines, books and novels. We will be providing a caf for customers in which, they put forward relax and e scape from the nonchalant pressures of work and offers a place to converse with mates over a cup of coffee.Furthermore, aside from the cold and hot drinks available, the backing will also provide complementary side dishes, such as cakes. Hence, Gryffindor Book Caf will offer a variety of choices to our customers. Gryffindor Book Caf will consume its competitive advantage in the market by the musical note of its fruits, warm customer avail provided by our staff and the uniqueness of our facilities, which offers an escape from the everyday rustics. Furthermore, the main promotional strategy employed by the moving in is the word of its satisfied customers and the various discounts the barter will offer.2.0 Critical Success Factors for the Survival of the Business parentagelike and concise management Good management all in cedes operations of the business to be well coordinated. Detailed planning A well-planned business would clearly lists its goals and objectives and clea rly attain the methods to be implemented. To constantly monitor and evaluate the businesss proceeding to ensure efficiency and hence maximise boodle. Quality financial management to ensure a healthy cash flow within the business. Well-planned marketing strategy to be able to provide the goods and services demanded by consumers and to be able to area potential customers. Sufficient capital in order to pay its debts and continue operations and increase gross sales. A strong competitive advantage to distinguish the business within the market. Entrepreneurship spirit continuous dedication from the owners/management is needed to operate the business effectively and profitably. Entrepreneurs background knowledge and experience greatly contribute to the success of the business as it aids its operations. Location is a vital element to a small business, which must be of easy entrance money to its customers.3.0 Executive SummaryGryffindor Book Caf recognises the importance of prompt and amiable customer service in the hospitality industry. It is a small business that provides high timber coffee and hot and cold drunkennesss with cakes, muffins andcookies. It differentiates itself from different cafs by its unique services of providing reading materials, i.e. newspapers and magazines from different countries, which the business incorporates as their prime function. Operating as a partnership between Angelene Alburquerque, Nicole Tsui and Jeff Chan, Gryffindor Book Caf belongs in the private sector and in the tertiary industry. It is located in Broadway, along George St. where it is easily accessible for its target market. The following business plan will analyse in details the situational analysis of the business in its organisation, and the operational, marketing and financial plans that it will implements in its jump come to the fore up.4.0 Situational Analysis4.1 Business Name Gryffindor Book Caf4.2 Prime Function Gryffindor Book Caf provides Hot drink s coffee, cappuccino, lattes, etc. Cold beverages Milkshakes Cakes Pastries Cookies Reading materials i.e. newspapers, magazines and books4.3 Vision StatementTo be the scoop up caf with a difference with a reputable image supported by High quality products Impeccable customer service4.4 exception StatementGryffindor Book Caf is dedicated to Providing customers impeccable service within a warm, friendly environment and comfortable facilities supported by promptness, quality and style Serve customers with the best caf products in the market at a value price Continually find cleansement in our are of operations and service Be socially accountable by complying to a code of conduct, which would ensure fairness to its stakeholders Be environmentally conscious by using earth-friendly materials4.5 Goals Financial Goals Maximising sales and profit Business stability Progressive growth Personal Goals Job security Increase self-confidence Improving managerial skills Professional recogni tion Increase power and solve Social Goals Comply with ethical conducts Provision of local employment Sponsoring local events4.6 Business ObjectivesTime Period 12 months To break even with revenue and derive costs in the duration of 10 months Reduce cost by efficiency by 10% Increase market share by 15% through effective marketing strategies4.7 Business Ownership/Legal StructureGryffindor Book Caf will operate as a partnership between Miss Angelene Alburquerque, Miss Nicole Tsui and Mr. Jeff Chan. Advantages and disadvantages operating as a partnership are as follows.ADVANTAGES Low start up cost Workload and duty is shared Business profits are not taxed, but personal income only Funds and talents of the partners are combined Lower cost involved compared to operating a lodge If one partner dies, business operations may continue DISADVANTAGES Unlimited Liability Conflicts between partners may arise Liable for all debts, including debts held by other partners Incompatible character istics, fashioning it difficult to find a suitable partner continue4.8 Industry AnalysisAustralian coffee consumption is running at an all-time high. In September, economic forecaster BIS Shrapnel reported that we consume about 2.4 kilograms per person per year, double that of 30 years ago. (Tea consumption, by contrast, is on the slide.) And cafes, says Sean Edwards, managing director of cafe-industry ecesis CafeBiz, are a $7.5 billion industry in Australia.4.9 CompetitionThere are two general competitors in our caf market. They are the multinational specialty beverage chains, such as Starbucks and Gloria Jeans, and the local coffee houses or cafes, both with an established clientele and a quality product. There is a dramatic distinction among the customers of severally of these outlets. Michelles PatisserieMichael Patisserie is a pure Australian company, which mainly sells bakery products in the Australian community. Michael Patisserie is now a national system with around 270 o utlets throughout Australia and is averaging new store openings of approximately 1 per week.Company Strengths Well-known products in Australia Recognized franchise Offering bakery bakes Specialty coffee roasting, coffee retailing and coffee training Easy accessible location StarbucksStarbucks is an international corporation, which is the leading premium coffee caf in the world, with more than 23 branches locates in Sydney. Due to its distinguishable nature of Starbucks will be a threat to Gryffindor Book Caf.Company strengths Experienced in premium coffee High quality of services Famous establishment Lower production cost Recognizable franchise Gloria Jeans CoffeeGloria Jean Coffee is another large caf franchise in Australia, with stores in most major shopping centers and has almost 70 branches located in the Sydney region. With the renowned celebrity compared to our brand new caf, it becomes a great challenge for the business to establish a certain market position.Company Strength s Standardized quality products Well-located place Eminent celebrity Employee-trainedLocal CafsAlthough small, a very cowling competitor for our caf is the established local cafs. Their previous experience in the industry would certainly be beneficial in further developing their cafes, which will greatly disadvantage Gryffindor Book Caf. The quality of beverages served at an established cafe will surpass any of the regional or national chains.Company Strengths Plenty of product choices Easy access Consistent menus Quality product Well-servicedThe competitive edge of Gryffindor Book Caf over the local cafes is based on the attributes of Foreign newspapers and magazine service Consistent menu Quality product Discount purchases4.10 Competitive Advantage StatementAside from our deliciously baked cakes and tantalising freshly brewed coffees, which is of the highest quality around, Gryffindor Book Caf guarantees the best customer service in the business.SWOT AnalysisStrengths Business & management masters degree held by each partner intensifier knowledge Strong motivation and commitment held by each partner as personal success is dependent on the businesss performance Focus on excellent service in satisfying customers needs Well defined goals and objectives Employs a variety of marketing strategies to arrival customers Unique facilities, which sets it apart from its competitors Ability to provide personalized service Weaknesses Undercapitalisation Minimal experience in the hospitality industry Minimal experience in making and preparing foods and drinksOpportunities Increase market share Take over dissatisfied customers fromtheir businesses Increase variety of products Positive forecasting Threats Competitors i.e. Transnational corporation (E.g. Starbucks & Gloria Jeans) Unpredictable downturn in economy Changes in government policies/laws External government department controls i.e. showing up unexpected4.11 Economic ConditionsEconomic conditions will greatly affect the business. For example, changes in interest rates will affect the businesss bank loan. A change in unemployment may see a reduction of sales from the business, as customers are not willing to spend. Furthermore, economic conditions determine price levels. For instance, prices must be set lower during a recession.4.12 Socio-Cultural ConditionsAustralia is multicultural and is therefore serious for the business to treat everyone fairly without any bias. The business can use this factor as an advantage by offering foreign reading materials to allow for the majority of our customers. For example, English, Chinese, Japanese and Korean. Additionally the business must continue to monitor the changing trends in society in order to provide the goods and services that customers unavoidableness and be able to change.4.13 Legal-Political ConditionsIn order to legally establish a caf, the business must be registered and it is important to apply a food permit from the council. Moreo ver, the quality of food and drink is extremely important to qualify and be permitted to open. Furthermore, laws such as the Fair Trading Act and Occupational Health and guard duty regulations greatly effects the conducts of business and influences its operations.4.14 Technological ConditionsGryffindor Book Caf must maintain its technological edge amongst its competitors. Therefore, we can introduce some high-technology machine (coffee maker) to improve the quality of our products and efficiency of the operations in long run. In short run, we may provide on-line order service for take-away service, such as order-on-net service, and improve our record keepings by the latest softwares, which would simplify managerial tasks.4.15 Natural Environment ConditionsThrough the use of recyclable products, the business would project an environmentally-friendly image and avoid wastage. Furthermore, the business can utilise methods of saving water and the use less electricity. Consequently, this may not only protect the environment, but also reduce operating expenses.5.0 operations Plan5.1 LocationGryffindor Book Cafe will be located in Broadway, along Parramatta Road, which is in close proximity with out target market. The bodily size of the caf approximately measures to be 1600 square feet and is opposite Victoria Park, which encompasses a peaceful, scenic view of the area. The reason for this location is essentially due to the two universities in the area.5.2 FurnishingsOur caf will mainly use wood to be our main ornamentation and use French windows to emphasise Victoria Parks green decorate to our customers as they read. Being a caf which provides reading resources, the lighting must be sufficient in order to protect our customers health, upholding our social responsibility. Moreover, we will furnish the caf with snug sofas to provide contented seats for reading convenience and just relaxing. A local professional will be contracted out of the business to handle the f urnishing of the place.5.3 Operating HoursMonday Wednesday 700am 630pmThursday Friday 730am 800pmSaturday 730pm 400pmSunday Closed5.4 Caf Floor Layout5.5 Details of yield and Service Food Preparation Beverages and hot drinks are to be prepared as it is ordered Muffins and cakes are baked freshly on a daily basis Some products will be ordered from local producers i.e. cakes Service Customers approach the counter to make their order, which they have the choice to eat in or to take away. Reading materials are available to the customers, such as books that are old and new and magazines, which are distributed throughout the caf in shelves lining the wall. Current local and international newspapers, particularly from Asia are available to customers to read, which are positioned at the counter as they order, for easier and more convenient access. Staff would walk around to customers offering reading materials and ensuring that they are satisfied with the food and service. Smoking is p rohibited in our caf to facilitate fresh air supply.5.6 Stakeholders Internal Stakeholders The partners are the internal stakeholders of the business and has a responsibility for towards one another to perform their part in the business to the best of their ability. They are also the internal customers of the business, as each of their workload is vital for all partners to be able to perform their job efficiently. Employees the business must provide a safe working environment, to comply with Occupational Health and Safety regulations and provide training. External Stakeholders Customers the business is responsible in providing high quality products, a safe environment and fair service. Community the business must be environmentally friendly, and will provide recyclable takeaway containers. Government the business will pay its due taxes, and will behave ethically in recording profits and expenses. Suppliers the business must pay its debts. John Fairfax Holding Limited supplies newspapers and magazines Maxims supplies food and drinks products5.7 Proposed Organisational Chart5.8 Method of Employee Participation in Decision Making The flatter twist encourages direct communication between employees and employers, which allows more input from staff and ideas to reach management at a more efficient manner. A suggestion encase positioned behind the counter would be available for all staff to insert ideas as they work, which will be discussed in meetings. Include staff in meetings and allow for contribution Employ participatory planning, to include the staff, which will be affected by the plans made and/or will be asked to implement them.

“Financial Statement Analysis of Apple Inc.”

association Background orchard apple tree Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively Apple or the keep company) designs, manu pointures and commercializes mobile communication and media devices, in the flesh(predicate) computers, and portable digital medicinal drug players, and sells a manakin of tie in package, services, peripherals, light upworking solutions, and third-party digital discipline and applications. The associations products and services include iPh unrivaled, i ornament, mackintosh, iPod, Apple TV, a portfolio of consumer and professional softw atomic number 18 applications, the iOS and mac OSX operate systems, iCloud, and a variety of gatewayory, service and support offerings.The bon ton also sells and delivers digital topic and applications done the iTunes stock certificate, App StoreSM, iBookstoreSM, and mac App Store. The Company sells its products worldwide with its retail stores, online stores, and direct gross gross revenue force, as well as through third-party cellular network carriers, wholesalers, retailers, and value-added resellers. In addition, the Company sells a variety of third-party iPhone, iPad, Mac and iPod compatible products, including application software, printers, storage devices, speakers, headphones, and respective(a) other accessories and peripherals, through its online and retail stores.The Company sells to consumers, small and mid-sized businesses (SMB), and education, enterprise and judicature customers. The Companys fiscal year is the 52 or 53-week period that ends on the last Saturday of September. Unless otherwise stated, all information presented in this stimulate 10-K is establish on the Companys fiscal calendar. The Company is a California corpo proportionalityn established in 1977. Business Strategy The Company is committed to rescue the best exploiter experience to its customers through its innovative hardware, software, peripherals, and services.The Companys business strat egy leverages its unique ability to design and develop its own direct systems, hardware, application software, and services to provide its customers un social functiond products and solutions with superior ease-of-use, seamless integ ration, and innovative design. The Company believes continual investment in research and development and marketing and advert is critical to the development and sale of innovative products and technologies. As part of its strategy, the Company continues to expand its broadcast for the dis book bindingy and delivery of hird-party digital content and applications through the iTunes Store. As part of the iTunes Store, the Companys App Store and iBookstore allow customers to discover and download applications and books through either a Mac or Windows-based computer or through iOS devices, namely iPhone, iPad and iPod touch. In January 2011, the Company opened the Mac App Store to allow customers to easily discover, download and install applications for their Macs. The Company also supports a conjunction for the development of third-party software and hardware products and digital content that escort the Companys offerings.The Companys strategy also includes expanding its statistical distribution network to in effect reach more customers and provide them with a high-quality sales and post-sales support experience. Consumer and Small and Mid-Sized Business The Company believes a high-quality buying experience with conditioned salespersons who trick obtain the value of the Companys products and services greatly compounds its ability to attract and retain customers. The Company sells many of its products and resells third-party products in most of its major markets directly to consumers and businesses through its retail and online stores.The Company has also invested in programs to enhance reseller sales by placing high quality Apple fixtures, merchandising materials and other resources within selected third-party reseller locat ions. Through the Apple Premium Reseller Program, certain third-party resellers focus on the Apple platform by providing a high level of product expertise, integration and support services. The Companys retail stores are typically located at high-traffic locations in quality shopping malls and urban shopping districts.By operational its own stores and locating them in delectable high-traffic locations, the Company is better positioned to ensure a high quality customer buying experience and attract juvenile customers. The stores are designed to simplify and enhance the presentation and marketing of the Companys products and related to solutions. To that end, retail store configurations have evolved into various sizes to accommodate market-specific demands. The Company believes providing direct contact with its customers is an in effect(p) look to demonstrate the advantages of its products over those of its competitors.The stores employ experienced and knowledgeable personnel w ho provide product advice, service and training. The stores offer a wide selection of third-party hardware, software, and other accessories and peripherals that complement the Companys products. Enterprise and Government The Company also sells its hardware and software products to enterprise and government customers in each of its geographic segments. The Companys products are deployed in these markets because of their power, productivity, ease of use and the simplicity of seamless integration into information technology environments.The Companys products are compatible with thousands of third-party business applications and services, and its tools modify the development and secure deployment of custom applications as well as remote device administration. Business Organization The Company manages its business primarily on a geographic basis. Accordingly, the Company has determined that its reportable operating segments, which are generally based on the nature and location of its cu stomers, consist of the Americas, Europe, Japan, Asia-Pacific and Retail.The results of the Americas, Europe, Japan and Asia-Pacific reportable segments do not include the results of the Retail segment. The Americas segment includes both North and S breakh America. The Europe segment includes European countries, as well as the Middle vitamin E and Africa. The Asia-Pacific segment includes Australia and Asian countries, other than Japan. The Retail segment operates Apple retail stores worldwide. Each reportable operating segment provides identical hardware and software products and similar services.Further information regarding the Companys operating segments whitethorn be found in Part II, Item7 of this Form 10-K under the subheading part Operating Performance, and in Part II, Item8 of this Form 10-K in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Note 8, Segment Information and Geographic Data. Products The Company offers a regurgitate of mobile communication and media devic es, personal computing products, and portable digital music players, as well as a variety of related software, services, peripherals, networking solutions and third-party hardware and software products. In addition, the Company ffers its own software products, including iOS, the Companys proprietary mobile operating system Mac OS X, the Companys proprietary operating system software for the Mac legion software and application software for consumer, SMB, and education, enterprise and government customers. The Companys native products are discussed below. iPhone iPhone combines a mobile phone, an iPod, and an Internet communications device in a single handheld product. Based on the Companys Multi-Touch user interface, iPhone featuresdesktop-class email, web browsing, searching, and maps and is compatible with both Macs and Windows-based computers. Phone automatically syncs content from users iTunes libraries, as well as contacts, bookmarks, and email accounts. iPhone allows customer s to access the iTunes Store to download speech sound and television receiver set files, as well as a variety of other digital content and applications. In October 2011, the Company launched iPhone 4S, its latest version of iPhone, which includes Siri, a voice frantic intelligent assistant. In addition to the Companys own iPhone accessories, third-party iPhone compatible accessories are in stock(predicate) through the Companys online and retail stores and from third parties. Pad iPad is a multi-purpose mobile device for browsing the web, reading and sending email, viewing photos, watching delineations, listening to music, playing games, reading e-books and more. iPad is based on the Companys Multi-Touch technology and allows customers to connect with their applications and content in a more interactive way. iPad allows customers to access the iTunes Store to download audio and video files, as well as a variety of other digital content and applications. In March 2011, the Compan y introduced iPad 2, its second-generation iPad.In addition to the Companys own iPad accessories, third-party iPad compatible accessories are available through the Companys online and retail stores and from third parties. Mac Hardware Products The Company offers a range of personal computing products including desktop and portable computers, related devices and peripherals, and third-party hardware products. The Companys Mac desktop and portable systems feature Intel microprocessors, the Mac OS X Lion operating system and the iLifesuite of software for creation and management of digital photography, music, movies, DVDs and websites.The Companys desktop computers include iMac Mac Pro and Mac mini. The iMac desktop computer has an all-in-one design that incorporates a display, processor, prowess card, storage, memory and other components inside a single enclosure. The Mac Pro desktop computer is targeted at business and professional customers and is designed to meet the performance, expansion, and networking need luxurianty of the most demanding Mac user. The Mac mini is a desktop computer in a compact enclosure. . iPodThe Companys iPod line of portable digital music and media players includes iPod touch, iPod nano, iPod shuffleand iPod classic. All iPods work with iTunes. In addition to the Companys own iPod accessories, third-party iPod compatible accessories are available, through the Companys online and retail stores or from third parties. The iPod touch, based on iOS, is a flash-memory-based iPod with a widescreen display and a Multi-Touch user interface. iPod touch allows customers to access the iTunes Store to download audio and video content, as well as a variety of digital applications.The iPod nano is a flash-memory-based iPod that features the Companys Multi-Touch interface allowing customers to navigate their music charm by tapping or swiping the display. The iPod nano features a polished aluminum and glass enclosure with a built-in clip. The iPod shuffle is a flash-memory-based iPod that features a clickable control pad to control music playback and VoiceOver technology enabling customers to hear song titles, artists and playlist names. The iPod classic is a hard-drive based portable digital music and video player. iTunes Tunes is an application that supports the leverage, download, organization and playback of digital audio and video files and is available for both Mac and Windows-based computers. iTunes 10 is the latest version of iTunes and features AirPlaywireless music playback, Genius Mixes, Home Sharing, and improved syncing functionality with iOS devices. Mac App Store In January 2011, the Company opened the Mac App Store allowing customers to discover, download and install applications for their Macs. The Mac App Store offers applications in education, games, graphics and design, life style, productivity, utilities and other categories.The Companys Mac OS X operating system software and iLife and iWorkapplication software are also available on the Mac App Store. iCloud In October 2011, the Company launched iCloud, its new cloud service, which stores music, photos, applications, contacts, calendars, and documents and wirelessly pushes them to multiple iOS devices, Macs and Windows-based computers. iClouds features include iTunes in the Cloud, Photo Stream, Documents in the Cloud, Contacts, Calendar, Mail,automatic downloads and purchase history for applications and iBooks, and iCloud Backup.Users can sign up for free access to iCloud using a device running iOS 5 or a Mac running Mac OS X Lion. Software Products and Computer Technologies The Company offers a range of software products for consumer, SMB, education, enterprise and government customers, including the Companys proprietary iOS and Mac OS X operating system software server software professional application software and consumer, education, and business oriented application software. Operating System Software iOS OS is the Companys m obile operating system that serves as the foundation for iOS devices. In October 2011, the Company released iOS 5, which supports iCloud and includes new features such as Notification Center, a way to view and manage notifications in one place iMessage, a messaging service that allows users to send text messages, photos and videos between iOS devices and Newsstand, a way to purchase and organize newspaper and magazine subscriptions. Mac OS X Mac OS X, the operating system for Macs, is built on an open-source UNIX-based foundation.Mac OS X Lion is the eighth major release of Mac OS X and became available in July 2011. Mac OS X Lion includes support for new Multi-Touch gestures iCloud integration system-wide support for full screen applications representation Control, a way to view everything running on a users Mac the Mac App Store Launchpad, a new home for a users applications and a redesigned Mail application. Application Software iLife iLife 11 is the latest version of the Compan ys consumer-oriented digital lifestyle application suite included with all Mac computers. Life features iPhoto, iMovie, iDVD, GarageBand, and iWeb. iPhoto is the Companys consumer-oriented digital photo application and iMovie is the Companys consumer-oriented digital video editing software application. iDVD is the Companys consumer-oriented software application that enables customers to turn iMovie files, QuickTime files, and digital pictures into interactive DVDs. GarageBand is the Companys consumer-oriented music creation application that allows customers to play, enter and create music. Web allows customers to create online photo albums, blogs and podcasts, and to customize websites using editing tools. iWork iWork 09 is the latest version of the Companys integrated productivity suite designed to help users create, present, and publish documents, presentations, and spreadsheets. iWork 09 includes Pages09 for word processing and page layout, Keynote09 for presentations, and Numbe rs09 for spreadsheets. The Company also has a Multi-Touch version of each iWork application designed specifically for use on iOS devices. Other Application SoftwareThe Company also sells various other application software, including Final Cut Pro, system of logic Studio,LogicExpress 9, Logic StudioPro, and its FileMakerPro database software. Displays& Peripheral Products The Company manufactures the Apple LED Cinema Display and Thunderbolt Display. The Company also sells a variety of Apple-branded and third-party Mac-compatible and iOS-compatible peripheral products, including printers, storage devices, computer memory, digital video and still cameras, and various other computing products and supplies.Apple TV Apple TV allows customers to watch movies and television shows on their high definition television. Content from iTunes, Netflix, YouTube, and Flickr as well as music, photos, videos, and podcasts from a Mac or Windows-based computer can also be wirelessly streamed to a telev ision through Apple TV. With the release of iCloud in October 2011, content purchased on Apple TV can be re-downloaded on iOS devices. Product Support and Services AppleCareoffers a range of support options for the Companys customers.These options include assistance that is built into software products, printed and electronic product manuals, online support including comprehensive product information as well as technical assistance, and the AppleCare Protection Plan (APP). APP is a fee-based service that typically includes two to three years of phone support and hardware repairs and dedicate web-based support resources. Markets and Distribution The Companys customers are primarily in the consumer, SMB, and education, enterprise and government markets.The Company uses a variety of direct and indirect distribution channels, such as its retail stores, online stores, and direct sales force, and third-party cellular network carriers, wholesalers, retailers, and value-added resellers. Th e Company believes that sales of its innovative and differentiated products are enhanced by knowledgeable salespersons who can convey the value of the hardware and software integration, and demonstrate the unique solutions that are available on its products.The Company further believes providing direct contact with its targeted customers is an effective way to demonstrate the advantages of its products over those of its competitors and providing a high-quality sales and after-sales support experience is critical to attracting new and retaining existing customers. To ensure a high-quality buying experience for its products in which service and education are emphasized, the Company continues to expand and improve its distribution capabilities by expanding the number of its own retail stores worldwide.Additionally, the Company has invested in programs to enhance reseller sales by placing high quality Apple fixtures, merchandising materials and other resources within selected third-part y reseller locations. Through the Apple Premium Reseller Program, certain third-party resellers focus on the Apple platform by providing a high level of integration and support services, and product expertise. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of net sales in 2011 or 2010. One of the Companys customers accounted for 11% of net sales in 2009. CompetitionThe markets for the Companys products and services are highly competitive and the Company is confronted by aggressive competition in all areas of its business. These markets are characterized by frequent product introductions and rapid technological advances that have substantially increased the capabilities and use of mobile communication and media devices, personal computers, and other digital electronic devices. The Companys competitors who sell mobile devices and personal computers based on other operating systems have aggressively cut prices and lowered their product borders to gain or maintain market share.The Comp anys financial condition and operating results can be adversely affected by these and other industriousness-wide downward pressures on gross margins. Principal competitive factors important to the Company include price, product features, sexual intercourse price/performance, product quality and reliability, design innovation, a strong third-party software and peripherals ecosystem, marketing and distribution capability, service and support, and corporate reputation.The Company is focused on expanding its market opportunities related to mobile communication and media devices. These industries are highly competitive and include several large, well-funded and experienced participants. The Company expects competition in these industries to intensify significantly as competitors attempt to imitate some of the features of the Companys products and applications within their own products or, alternatively, collaborate with each other to offer solutions that are more competitive than those they presently offer.These industries are characterized by aggressive pricing practices, frequent product introductions, evolving design approaches and technologies, rapid adoption of technological and product advancements by competitors, and price sensitivity on the part of consumers and businesses. The Companys digital content services have faced significant competition from other companies promoting their own digital music and content products and services, including those offering free peer-to-peer music and video services.The Company believes it offers superior innovation and integration of the entire solution including the hardware (iPhone, iPad, Mac, and iPod), software (iTunes), and distribution of digital content and applications (iTunes Store, App Store, iBookstore and Mac App Store). Some of the Companys modern and potential competitors have substantial resources and may be able to provide such products and services at little or no profit or even at a loss to compete wi th the Companys offerings.The Companys coming(prenominal) financial condition and operating results depend on the Companys ability to continue to develop and offer new innovative products and services in each of the markets it competes in. Research and Development Because the industries in which the Company competes are characterized by rapid technological advances, the Companys ability to compete successfully depends to a great extent upon its ability to ensure a continual and timely flow of competitive products, services and technologies to the marketplace.The Company continues to develop new technologies to enhance existing products and to expand the range of its product offerings through research and development, licensing of intellectual property and acquisition of third-party businesses and technology. core research and development expense was $2. 4 one thousand thousand, $1. 8 billion and $1. 3 billion in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Patents, Trademarks, Copyrights and Licenses The Company currently holds rights to unmingleds and copyrights relating to certain aspects of its iPhone, iPad, Mac and iPod devices, peripherals, software and services.The Company has registered or has applied for sightmarks and service marks in the U. S. and a number of strange countries. Although the Company believes the self-will of such patents, copyrights, trademarks and service marks is an important factor in its business and that its success does depend in part on the ownership thereof, the Company relies primarily on the innovative skills, technical competence and marketing abilities of its personnel. The Company regularly files patent applications to protect inventions arising from its research and development, and is currently pursuing thousands of patent applications around the world.Over time, the Company has accumulated a large portfolio of issued patents in the U. S. and worldwide. The Company holds copyrights relating to certain aspects of its produ cts and services. No single patent or copyright is solely trusty for protecting the Companys products. The Company believes the duration of its patents is adequate relative to the expected lives of its products. Due to the fast pace of innovation and product development, the Companys products are often obsolete before the patents related to them expire, and sometimes are obsolete before the patents related to them are even granted.Many of the Companys products are designed to include intellectual property obtained from third parties. While it may be necessary in the future to seek or renew licenses relating to various aspects of its products and business methods, based upon past experience and patience practice, the Company believes such licenses generally could be obtained on commercially reasonable terms however, there is no guarantee that such licenses could be obtained at all.Because of technological changes in the industries in which the Company competes, current extensive pa tent insurance coverage, and the rapid rate of issuance of new patents, it is possible that certain components of the Companys products and business methods may unknowingly infringe existing patents or intellectual property rights of others. From time to time, the Company has been notified that it may be infringing certain patents or other intellectual property rights of third parties. Foreign and Domestic Operations and Geographic Data The U. S. epresents the Companys largest geographic market. Approximately 39% of the Companys net sales in 2011 came from sales to customers inside the U. S. Final assembly of the Companys products is currently performed in the Companys manufacturing facility in Ireland, and by outsourcing partners, primarily located in Asia. The supply and manufacture of a number of components is performed by sole-sourced outsourcing partners in the U. S. , Asia and Europe. Single-sourced outsourcing partners in Asia perform final assembly of substantially all of t he Companys hardware products.Margins on sales of the Companys products in foreign countries, and on sales of products that include components obtained from foreign suppliers, can be adversely affected by foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and by international trade regulations, including tariffs and antidumping penalties. Information regarding financial data by geographic segment is set forth in Part II, Item7 and Item8 of this Form 10-K and in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Note 8, Segment Information and Geographic Data. Seasonal BusinessThe Company has historically experienced increased net sales in its first fiscal quarter compared to other quarters in its fiscal year due to increased holiday seasonal demand. This historical number should not be considered a reliable indicator of the Companys future net sales or financial performance. Warranty The Company offers a limited parts and labor warranty on most of its hardware products. The basic warranty per iod is typically one year from the date of purchase by the original end-user. The Company also offers a 90-day basic warranty for its service parts used to repair the Companys hardware products.In addition, consumers may purchase the APP, which extends service coverage on many of the Companys hardware products in most of its major markets. Employees As of September24, 2011, the Company had approximately 60,400 full-time equivalent employees and an additional 2,900 full-time equivalent temporary employees and contractors. APPLE INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) symmetry Analysis 2008 2009 2010 2011 Liquidity Ratios a. accredited RatioA liquid state ratio that cadences a companys ability to pay short-term obligations. The Current Ratio formula isAlso known as liquidity ratio, cash asset ratio and cash ratio. Current Asset/Current Liability 32311/14092 36265/19282 41678/20722 44988/27970 2. 293 1. 881 2. 011 1. 609 industry middling 2. 00 1. 8 2. 1 1 . 5 Current Ratio Comparisons Ratio is stronger than the industry clean. b. Acid Test RatioA stringent indicator that determines whether a firm has enough short-term assets to cover its immediate liabilities without selling memorial. The acid-test ratio is far more strenuous than the working capital ratio, primarily because the working capital ratio allows for the inclusion of inventory assets.Calculated by (Current Asset- Average inventory)/Current Liability (32311-509)/14092 (36265-482)/19282 (41678-753)/20722 (44988-913. 5)/27970 2. 257 1. 86 1. 961 1. 581 industry reasonable 2. 20 1. 80 2. 00 1. 50 Acid Test Ratio Comparisons Ratio is weaker than the industry sightly in first 3 years but stringer at last year. Summary of the Liquidity Ratio Comparisons * Strong current ratio and weak acid-test ratio indicates a potential problem in the inventories account. * Note that this industry has a relatively high level of inventories. Financial Leverage Ratios a.Debt to candor A measure of a companys financial leverage calculated by dividing its total liabilities by stockholders equity. It indicates what proportion of equity and debt the company is using to finance its assets. Note Sometimes hardly concern-bearing, long-term debt is used instead of total liabilities in the calculation. Also known as the Personal Debt/Equity Ratio, this ratio can be applied to personal financial statements as well as corporate ones. Total debt/Shareholders Equity 18542/21030 26019/27832 27392/47791 39756/76615 0. 882 0. 935 0. 573 0. 519 industry fair . 89 . 95 . 5 . 50 Debt to equity Ratio Comparisons Has average debt utilization relative to the industry average. b. Debt to total assetA metric used to measure a companys financial risk by ascertain how much of the companys assets have been financed by debt. Calculated by adding short-term and long-term debt and then dividing by the companys total assets. Total debt/Total asset 18542/39572 26019/53851 27392/75183 39756/116371 0. 469 0. 483 0. 364 0. 342 industry average . 45 . 50 . 35 . 35 Debt to total asset Ratio Comparisons Has average debt utilization relative to the industry average. c. Total CapitalizationThe capitalization ratio measures the debt component of a companyscapital structure, or capitalization (i. e. , the sum of long-term debtliabilitiesandshareholders equity) to support a companys operations and growth. Debt/capitalization 18542/25480 26019/34569 27392/54461 39756/88401 . 73 . 75 . 50 . 45 industry average . 75 . 75 . 50 . 45 Total Capitalization Ratio Comparisons Has average long-term debt utilization relative to the industry average. reporting Ratios a. Interest CoverageA ratio used to determine how easily a company can ay interest on outstanding debt. The interest coverage ratio is calculated by dividing a companys earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) of one period by the companys interest expenses of the same period EBIT/Interest charges 6895/2242 798 4/2360 18540 34205 3. 075 3. 383 - - industry average 3. 2 3. 5 - - Interest Coverage Ratio Comparisons Has below average interest coverage relative to the industry average. Summary of the Coverage move Analysis * The interest coverage ratio for Apple Inc. has been falling since 2008. It has been below industry averages for the past two years. This indicates that low earnings (EBIT) may be a potential problem for BW. * Note, we know that debt levels are in line with the industry averages. Activity ratios a. Receivable TurnoverAn accounting measure used to quantify a firms effectiveness in extending credit as well as collecting debts. The receivables turnover ratio is an activity ratio, measuring how efficiently a firm uses its assets. ruler Some companies reports will only show sales this can affect the ratio depending on the size of cash sales. Annual net credit sales/ Average receivables 32497/2422 36537/3361 65225/5510 108249/5369 13. 17 10. 871 11. 838 20. 162 industry average 15 10 13 20 Receivable Turnover Ratio Comparisons Ratio is stronger than the industry average. b. Average collection periodThe approximate amount of time that it takes for a business to receive payments owed, in terms of receivables, from its customers and clients. Calculated as Where Days = Total amount of old age in period AR = Average amount of accounts receivables Credit Sales = Total amount of net credit sales during period Days in year/receiveable turnover 365/13. 417 365/10. 871 365/11. 838 365/20. 62 27. 204 33. 576 30. 833 18. 103 industry average 25 36 30 20 Average collection period Ratio Comparisons Has improved the average collection period to that of the industry average. c. Inventory turnoverA ratio showing how many times a companys inventory is sold and replaced over a period. The days in the period can then be divided by the inventory turnover formula to calculate the days it takes to sell the inventory on hand or inventory turnover days. Cost of good s sold/Average inventory 21334/509 25683/482 39541/753 64431/913. 5 41. 914 53. 8 52. 51 70. 53 industry average 42 53 53 70 Inventory turnover Ratio Comparisons Has relatively good turnover. d. Total asset turnoverThe amount of sales generated for every dollars worth of assets. It is calculated by dividing sales in dollars by assets in dollars. Formula This ratio is more useful for growth companies to check if in fact they are growing revenue in proportion to sales. Also known as the Asset Turnover Ratio. Net sales/ total asset 32479/39571 42905/53851 65225/75183 108249/116371 . 821 . 797 . 868 . 930 industry average . 2 . 80 . 85 . 90 Total asset turnover Ratio Comparisons Has relatively strong turnover. Profitability Ratios a. Net profit marginA ratio of profitability calculated as net income divided by revenues, or net profits divided by sales. It measures how much out of every dollar of sales a company actually keeps in earnings. Net profit after tax/Net sales 4834/3247 9 8235/42905 14013/65225 25922/108249 . 149 . 192 . 215 . 239 industry average . 15 . 20 . 20 . 24 Net profit margin Ratio Comparisons Has average Net Profit Margin. b.Return on investmentReturn on investment(ROI)rate of return(ROR), also known as rate of profit or sometimes just return, is the ratio of goldgained or lost (whether realized or unrealized) on aninvestmentrelative to the amount of money invested. Similar financial measures with variations on how investment is defined * Return on assets(ROA), * Return on net assets(RONA), * Return on capital employed(ROCE) * Return on invested capital(ROIC) * Social return on investment(SROI) NPAT/Total asset 4834/39572 8235/53851 14013/75183 25922/116371 . 122 . 153 . 87 . 223 industry average . one hundred twenty-five . 15 . 18 . 20 Return on investment Ratio Comparisons Has strong Return on Investment. c. Return on equityThe amount of net income returned as a percentage of shareholders equity. Return on equity measures a corpo rations profitability by revealing how much profit a company generates with the money shareholders have invested. ROE is expressed as a percentage and calculated as Return on Equity = Net Income/Shareholders Equity Net income is for the full fiscal year (before dividends paid to common stock holders but after dividends to preferred stock. Shareholders equity does not include preferred shares. Also known as return on net worth (RONW). NPAT/Shareholders equity 25922/21030 8235/27832 14013/477931 25922/76615 . 229 . 296 . 293 . 338 industry average . 23 . 29 . 29 . 350 Return on equity Ratio Comparisons Has average Return on equity. Summary of the Profitability Trend Analyses * The profitability ratios for Apple Inc. have ALL been average since 2008. Each has been below the industry averages for the past quadruple years. * This indicates that COGS and administrative be may both be too high and a potential problem for Apple Inc. Note, this result is consistent with the low interes t coverage ratio. Summary of Ratio Analyses * Inventories are too high. * May be paying off creditors (accounts payable) too soon. * COGS may be too high. * Selling, general, and administrative costs may be too high. honey oil Size Analysis- Particulars 2008 2009 2010 2011 2008 2009 2010 2011 Assets Current assets Cash cash equivalents 11875 5263 11261 9815 30. 01 9. 77 14. 98 8. 43 small term marketable securities 10236 18201 14359 16137 25. 87 33. 80 19. 10 13. 7 A/R 2422 3361 5510 5369 6. 12 6. 24 7. 33 4. 61 Inventories 509 455 1051 776 1. 29 . 85 1. 40 . 67 Differed tax assets 1447 2101 1636 2014 3. 66 3. 90 2. 18 1. 73 Vendor non-trade receivables - - 4414 6348 - - 5. 87 5. 46 Other current assets 5822 6884 3447 4529 14. 71 12. 78 4. 59 3. 89 Total current assets 32311 36265 41678 44988 81. 04 67. 34 55. 435 38. 659 Long-term marketable securities 2379 10528 5391 55618 6. 01 19. 55 7. 171 47. 794 Property, plant and equipment, net 2455 2954 478 6 7777 6. 20 5. 486 6. 336 6. 83 Goodwill 207 206 741 896 . 52 . 383 . 986 . 769 Acquired intangible assets, net 285 247 342 3536 . 72 . 495 . 455 3. 039 Other assets 1935 3651 2263 3556 4. 890 6. 780 3. 010 3. 056 Total assets 39572 53851 75183 116371 vitamin C coulomb atomic number 6 100 LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY Current liabilities Accounts payable 5520 5601 12015 14632 13. 942 10. 401 15. 981 12. 574 accumulated expenses 3719 3376 5723 9247 9. 398 6. 269 7. 612 7. 946 Deferred revenue 4853 10305 2984 4091 12. 64 19. 136 3. 969 3. 516 Total current liabilities 14092 19282 20722 27970 35. 611 35. 806 27. 562 24. 035 Deferred revenue non-current 3029 4485 1139 1686 7. 654 8. 329 1. 515 1. 449 Other non-current liabilities 1421 2252 5531 10100 3. 591 4. 182 7. 357 8. 679 Total liabilities 18542 26019 27392 39756 46. 856 48. 317 36. 434 34. 163 Commitments and contingenciesShareholders equity Common stock, no par value 1 ,800,000 shares authorized 929,277 and 915,970 shares issued and outstanding, respectively 7177 8210 10668 13331 18. 37 15. 246 14. 189 11. 456 Retained earnings 13845 19538 37169 62841 34. 987 36. 282 49. 438 54. 001 Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) 8 84 (46) 443 . 020 . 156 (. 061) . 381 Total shareholders equity 21030 27832 47791 76615 53. 144 51. 683 63. 566 65. 837 Total liabilities and shareholders equity 39572 53851 75183 116371 100 100 100 100 Index Analysis- Particulars 2008 2009 2010 2011 2008 2009 2010 2011 Assets Current assets Cash cash equivalents 11875 5263 11261 9815 100 14. 13 27. 019 21. 897 Short term marketable securities 10236 18201 14359 16137 100 39. 204 34. 452 35. 870 A/R 2422 3361 5510 5369 100 9. 27 13. 221 11. 934 Inventories 509 455 1051 776 100 1. 26 2. 522 1. 752 Differed tax assets 1447 2101 1636 2014 100 5. 79 3. 925 4. 477 Vendor non-trade receivables - - 4414 6348 - - 10. 591 14. 111 Other current assets 5822 6884 3447 4529 100 18. 983 8. 271 10. 067 Total current assets 32311 36265 41678 44988 100 67. 34 55. 435 38. 59 Long-term marketable securities 2379 10528 5391 55618 100 19. 55 7. 171 47. 794 Property, plant and equipment, net 2455 2954 4786 7777 100 5. 486 6. 336 6. 683 Goodwill 207 206 741 896 100 . 383 . 986 . 769 Acquired intangible assets, net 285 247 342 3536 100 . 495 . 455 3. 039 Other assets 1935 3651 2263 3556 100 6. 780 3. 010 3. 056 Total assets 39572 53851 75183 116371 100 100 100 100 LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY Current liabilities Accounts payable 5520 5601 12015 14632 100 10. 401 15. 981 12. 574 Accrued expenses 3719 3376 5723 9247 100 6. 269 7. 612 7. 946 Deferred revenue 4853 10305 2984 4091 100 19. 136 3. 969 3. 516 Total current liabilities 14092 19282 20722 27970 100 35. 806 27. 562 24. 035 Deferred revenue non-current 3029 4485 1139 1686 100 8. 329 1. 515 1. 449 Other non-current liabilities 1421 2252 5531 1 0100 100 4. 182 7. 357 8. 679 Total liabilities 18542 26019 27392 39756 100 48. 317 36. 434 34. 63 Commitments and contingenciesShareholders equity Common stock, no par value 1,800,000 shares authorized 929,277 and 915,970 shares issued and outstanding, respectively 7177 8210 10668 13331 100 15. 246 14. 189 11. 456 Retained earnings 13845 19538 37169 62841 100 36. 282 49. 438 54. 001 Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) 8 84 (46) 443 100 . 156 (. 061) . 381 Total shareholders equity 21030 27832 47791 76615 100 51. 683 63. 566 65. 837 Total liabilities and shareholders equity 39572 53851 75183 116371 100 100 100 100

The Long-Suffering and Self-Pitying Odysseus Essay

What would it take to do Odysseus. the celebrated warrior and the pride of all Greece. bitch uncontrollably? Surely. he must be put through some kind of utmost physical hurting that no other(a) person could finally or possibly he is even forced to watch the awful slaughtering of his companions. But more frequently than non. it is merely mere words and memories. driven on by self-pity. non atrociousnesss committed against his crew. that make Odysseus call. Alternatively of moving as a compassionate leader who grieves for his lost friends. Odysseus calls to indulge his ain sense of sorrow at his jobs. and uses this to derive attending from others. By analyzing Odysseus eruptions of heartache. it becomes obvious that his selfishness and pride are at the very bosom of the obstructions he has faced on his journey place.Odysseus calls to fulfill his feelings of forlornness and desperation at being so hated by the Gods. When we foremost encounter Odysseus. he is sitting entirely on Cal ypsos island. weeping. his expect neer dry. his sweet life fluxing off / with the cryings he wept for his defeated journey home ( 5. 168-169 ) . At this point. Odysseus has been a captive on Calypsos island for cardinal old ages. and has an intelligibly forlorn mentality sing his journey place. However. Odysseus spends every dark on the island moving as a lover to the beautiful goddess. whom he even admits is far more lovely and alluring than the married woman he yearns to return to. Though he pines for Penelope. his Acts of the Apostless of changeless unfaithfulness show that his ill-doing is non plagued by his actions.He is described as being an unwilling lover ( 5. 172 ) . but there is no grounds to propose that Odysseus feels he is perpetrating a iniquity against his married woman. Alternatively. Odysseus is described as being no hankerer pleased ( 5. 170 ) by Calypso. which suggests that at one point Odysseus whitethorn hold been genuinely satisfied with his state of aff airs. until he became homesick once more. It is an admirable trait that Odysseus so longs to travel place. but his self- commiseration twenty-four hours in and twenty-four hours prohibited is anything but admirable. He seems to be holding his bar and eating it excessively. After seven old ages. he is still wallowing in unhappiness. unable to see that his band of being alive and good ( and seduced every night ) is still a much more favourable result than what his crew encountered. His selfishness merely lets him see how long I have suffered ( 7. 181 ) .Odysseus besides uses his cryings to pull strings others into sympathising with him. When Odysseus eventually gets off Calypsos island. he is beset by still more jobs. He finally finds shelter with Alcinous. the male monarch of Phaeacia. As is the usage. he is the receiver of great cordial reception and is made to birth at place. even though his hosts have no thought who he is. However. one dark after banqueting. the bard Demodocus sings ab come proscribed the struggle between Odysseus and Achilles during the Trojan War. At this point. Odysseus becomes so distraught and overcome with emotion that he hid his face and wept ( 8. 109 ) . The text besides says that he is ashamed his hosts might see him cast tears ( 8. 103 ) . but why is he shouting in the first topographic point? The bard is non even singing to the highest degree all that Odysseus has suffered. and is merely mentioning to his statement with Achilles. which was a prophesied triumph mark.It is in reality possible that Odysseus is shouting because he wants to be found out. These people evidently adore the Odysseus they know through narratives. so wouldnt they worship the flesh and personal credit line version if they were of all time to run into him? Alternatively of merely stating. I am Odysseus . he alternatively waits. calls a 2nd clip until his heartache is publicly noticed. leting people to experience regretful for him and inquire what wou ld do him so much hurting. This realises Odysseus the perfect chance to state the atrocious narrative of his trip place. which he does. large of the problems that could hold been avoided had Odysseus restrained his pride and selfishness. The shame that Odysseus might experience at openly shouting in forepart of aliens is outweighed by the satisfaction he gets out of stating his narrative. because wretchedness does so love company.Odysseuss pride besides prevents him from demoing regard towards his work forces. by non minding their advice and by non decently lamenting their ill-timed deceases. At Alcinous tribunal. Odysseus recounts his experience with the Cyclops. The whole problem with this one eyed monster begins when Odysseus decides to linger in the Cyclopss cave after eating his nutrient. to see what gifts he would give ( 9. 258 ) . Alternatively of welcoming the Achaeans. the monster decides to eat the work forces who had impolitely eaten his nutrient. In sudden daze and ho rror. Odysseus and his work forces wept and cried aloud ( 9. 331 ) . Finally. through a clever course of instruction by Odysseus. he and his work forces escape. but about decease once more because of his pride. Teasing back to the Cyclops. Odysseus reveals who he is. which allows the monster to about fall in their ships. and besides to publish a ailment to Poseidon that he should non allow Odysseus return place. Poseidon hears this. and as a consequence. Odysseus and his crew are from so on beset by job after job.Had Odysseus listened to his crew who begged him to go forth the cave before the Cyclops returned and besides to non boast his individuality to the monster. the work forces would hold made it safely place. Even after witnessing the cannibalism of some of his crew. Odysseus is merely glad to get away our decease / yet sick at bosom for the companions we had lost ( 9. 630 ) . He does non look to be excessively devastated by everything that has merely happened to him. expleti ve and all. Possibly it is because he is surrounded by others who portion the same destiny. and arent as willing to be every bit sympathetic as a group of aliens hearing the narrative from a legendary hero would be.Odysseus besides tells the narrative of the Laestrygonians. who eat a high figure of Odysseus crew. Once once more. Odysseus is sick at heart ( 10. 147 ) . but feels small else for his dead friends and does non cry at all for their memory. When his crew begins to mourn for those lost. Odysseus about seems fed up and says They explosion into calls. howling. streaming unrecorded cryings / that gained us nil what good can come of heartache? ( 10. 221 ) . At this point it becomes really obvious that Odysseus merely deems it necessary to shout. when he is the one being wept for. He has no job shouting in forepart of aliens who are unwittingly praise him. he sees nil incorrect with shouting mundane for seven old ages because he is marooned with a beautiful goddess. yet there is something uneconomical about crying for work forces who were viciously killed and eaten. all because he felt the demand to state the Cyclops that he. the great Odysseus. was the 1 who blinded him.While pride may hold been the ruin of Odysseus. without it he would neer hold reached the position of a hero. His pride and desire for glorification were a major drive force base all his great schemes and war attempts. Without his strong self-esteem. Odysseus would hold alternatively been merely another expendable member of his crew. Yes. the selfishness of the crew is besides evident when they open the suitcase of air currents and blow the ship off class. but actions like these are to be expected from work forces who are of such low importance in the heroic poem that they are non even named. But from Odysseus. the reader should demand a higher degree of criterions. and expect him to move responsible for the work forces whose lives are entrusted into his attention. When Odysseus does non shout after his work forces are slaughtered and alternatively goes on with his work. it appears that he is merely moving as a strong leader. But when you consider other minutes when he is really weak and does shout openly. it is apparent to see that he merely weeps for those deserving crying for. And to Odysseus. the lone one worth casting a tear for is himself.Thesis Alternatively of moving as a compassionate leader who grieves for his lost friends. Odysseus calls to indulge his ain sense of sorrow at his jobs. and uses this to derive attending from others. By analyzing Odysseus eruptions of heartache. it becomes obvious that his selfishness and pride are at the very bosom of the obstructions he has faced on his journey place.Subordinate Ideas1. Cries out of ego commiseration and solitariness2. Cries to pull strings others3. Does non esteem shipmatesa. Does non listen to their advice and suffers the effectsB. Does non decently mourn them when they die partially because of his a ctions4. Pride and selfishness allow Odysseus to go a hero

Course Management Systems †Moodle Essay

Moodle is an open-source course management system designed to host online courses and facilitate faculty member interaction between disciples and their instructors. The program was created by Martin Dougiamas, who formerly worked with WebCT. Because of this the program features many similarities to WebCT, but is more flexible overall due to its open-source nature. Moodle lowlife be accessed via more than eighteen-thousand registered websites and is used by approximately eight million students worldwide.The program supports sixty-one languages as of November 2006 and is constantly expanding. Students simply download the program, register a username and conjoin using an enrollment key code provided by their professor. The site can host single teacher classes, or link various classes within an academic institution. Moodle also offers the option of designing complete lessons online, which can consist of class material as well as optional end-of-chapter review questions.Instructors ha ve a variety of options for posting assignments on Moodle, and can set their own preferences on how student submitted files can be accepted for grading. Teachers have the option to allow students to transfer files, including text documents of various formats as well as images. After grading the instructor has the option to post localises directly, as well as leaving comments regarding their reply to the assignment.They can also format assignments for direct editing online, allowing students to type their response directly into the program and submit it for grading. Instructors can also use Moodle as an online grade book for assignments complete in class (offline), so that students can have easy access to their grades. Quizzes can be constructed and assigned to students in Moodle as well, with several(prenominal) format options available. Teachers can design tests consisting of various question formats, including multiple choice, true-or-false and short answer questions.They also have the option of giving students multiple attempts to complete the quiz, and can set other variables such as time limits (quiz is timed and may only be completed within the allotted time limit), or word of honor protection to limit access. Students have a variety of options for interacting with fellow classmates as well as the instructors via chat, forums and surveys. They can also access course-relevant resources via glossaries (which can be student or teacher-defined) and a fully-interactive Wiki (user-defined encyclopedia).

Autoethnography

Katrina Washington Professor J. Longacre English 111 Sec. 26 November 25, 2012 Segregate the Other Segregation occurs within the African American turn tail and likewise towards African Americans by society. Sometimes in life you can be segregated by your ingest race. Or maybe the right(prenominal)rs see it as you being an other simply because you have diverse opinions closely certain things that they tonicity is right or wrong. Being the dreary sheep of a crowd within your very own liberal is never a good feeling. In my own personal experience of life, I am always the other out of every group of black people which is my race.Various times I am embarrassed for the way the engage their ignorance into their actions and words. I am a black woman of in advertiseigence and perseverance. I do non tolerate any type of foolery of peoples doltishity to make myself fit in with that particular crowd. I attend the University of Tennessee at Martin, a predominantly white school, where I am always overlooked by my words ascribable to dominant opinions already made about us black folk. However, there was a very heated situation that happened recently that almost lead out of control.The night of the election re entirelyy took a exhaust for the worse on campus. Needless to maintain that since there was a black man versus a white man running for presidency, there were lots of racialist actions shown and racist words thrown. This situation made me feel very nervous and uncomfortable because I knew how the turnout would be. Once Barack Obama was announced as president over again things on campus got a bit out of hand. Almost all the black students were outside in the parking lot acting like wild monkeys.Yes I witness they were happy and all, but it shouldnt have been that ridiculous. There were several white students hanging out windows bello aviate racist remarks and insults. Once they started throwing out those blue words, I felt sick to my stomach. Disgusted a nd irritated just by the sound of the word Nigger Black students that give awayd those bad remarks took things in their own hands and it almost became a riot right there in the parking lot. Me trying to bring down some of the heat, I tried to tell them to calm down and that it wasnt that serious.They just looked at me as if I had the word weirdo written across my forehead. They ignored my words and thoughts of expression due to my opposite opinion on how to handle things. I then immediately became the Other. I hate to be stereotyped as the average loud, large number banging, trash talking, attitude having black person. And what I was trying to warn them to not fit into the typical stereotypes. However, they thought I was stuck on stupid or something and mentally put me in a little segregated group of my own for my unspoken actions for help.It made me feel eliminated by my own race for thinking outside their mentality structures fortunately, I do not abide by the status quo. Being the other is never a good spot to sit in. Your congressman is never heard and you are always judged if you disagree with what they think. When you tiret agree with their opinion about whatever, they judge you as being weird or strange. Why do you have to be strange just because you want to speak for yourself and not follow behind others? Its so annoying and ugly when you talk to some unmatchable about your feelings or what have you, and they act like they really care.Yes people always say they understand what youre talking about when you tell about a bad experience, especially some sort of struggle or downfall. Unfortunately, most of the time people just tell you they understand to shut you up. The people that agree with you will never understand what the under covering of the words you speak simply because they are not you. Its un destinyed to say that theyll blackmail you with your own information once you think you can trust them. There is always a story behind peoples words and their opinion counts too.Being the other is a tough role seeing that people can hear you, but theyre not listening. People hear your cries, but cant feel your pain. If you ask me, it feels so much worse to be put down by your own race sort of than any other. To add extra burden to the plate, high school days were no easier to be myself. I attended a school full African American there were no white or Hispanic kids what so ever. I never wanted to attend a school with strictly one race, even though Im African American, I always felt like the only white student there.All the students just took things too furthest with the names, insults, and imbruted ways. They insulted the way I dressed, talked, and even how I spent my personal time outside of school. Why you talk so proper like a white person? they asked. Why you dress like them little rich snobby white girls? they said. Always upset that they judged me to be something Im not by the look of my appearance or the sound of my voice. Every time I stood up to defend myself, they said they understand why I dont act like them but everybody knows they were saying it to shut me up.They always avoided me and treated me like an outsider because of my significant differences. Even though I am still African American just like them, they still looked to me as the other. I say it is a form of racism within my own race and even social group. How can you segregate someone of your own kind? Every race should get along, but also every race should stupefy together and have each others bandaging. No matter the difference in personality, style, voice, or appearance. We are all the same and it is so stupid to be judged off of those things.Author Christopher Sunami of Essay Racism states, scarper enters the picture only in as much as it is an easy trait to identify and a hard one to change. For this reason, people of a different racial group are the best and easiest targets for Othering. We live in a world filled with dif ferent religions, lifestyles, and races. Remember back in the day how all black people were slaves to the whites? There were whips and chains to prove the black peoples place in the world. Times were terrible and black people had no clue how to get away or how to make everyone believe that it should dis watch.However, in the present time period, statistics say that thraldom is still about, just in a different approach. The current approach to slavery usually takes place at work or within social groups around your very own community. Be that as it may, there really is no bright side. There is a cleaner word for slavery but it sort of has similar meanings. The word Im referring to is the other. The word basically means any group identifiable as a whole to which they dont belong personally. The biased title of being the other occurs everywhere none stop.Unfortunately it will not stop, being that the other has no voice and is alienated consistently for his/her opinion or thoughts. As s hocking as it may appear, being the other can actually form in its own race group. Being discriminated against by other races is bad enough, but it is more degrading to be discriminated against within your own race group. Author Chris Gosden of the article, Race and Racism in Archaeology says All human beings make value judgments concerning other people and things all the time and these are based on tangible and formal qualities of persons. People judge other people off of the simplest things imaginable. It is really irrelevant to do such things to people just because they enjoy being themselves. Gosden also mentions that there are two types of discrimination. There is positive discrimination, which is usually making a good judgment to probably better something or someone. There is postcode wrong with judging someone to let them know that they are doing something wrong or giving off the wrong impression to people whom they do not know.People should realize that it is a form of sla very to discriminate against someone of your same race, eyes need to be opened wider, ears need to listen harder, and racial groups need to grow closer. Gosden also states, One pervasive argument about racism is that it is a product of colonial and capitalist relations over the last hardly a(prenominal) hundred years, so that nothing like it existed in earlier periods of human history. Racism has been taking its toll on the world and certain races for so some years. Needless to say that racism affects a particular race more than any other.African Americans usually get judged harder for the color or colour of our skin if I may. I am an African American myself and I get racist remarks thrown at me here and there just because of my skin color. It is a bird shame that things have not gotten better in this particular situation by now. It is actually almost as bad as slavery was back in the day. The reason being is because back in the day slavery was out in the open without any type o f sugar coating. Now it is all sneaky and under cover. Most people act to be blind to this type of thing either because theyre ignorant or just in denial to the truth of reality.One thing everybody needs to be sure of, is that almost anything can happen. There is so much going on in this lurid world that people just look over. Back to the racism in the same race issue people cant just continue to look over that like it is okay. There is enough struggles African Americans go through, the last thing they need to be doing is discriminating against each other. African Americans struggle with poverty, unemployment, and believe it or not, an unheard voice to the authorities of this place we live in.Not to mention the people that calls themselves Christians and true believers of God. They are usually the main ones who back thump their kind. Author Christopher Sunami also states, In America this has historically been a white-against-black issue, although this has shifted somewhat recently. In some communities, Latinos have replaced blacks at the bottom of the social structure. I feel this is very untrue seeing that the employment rate of Latinos is higher than the African American employment rate. It was and always will be a white against black racial issue.No matter what people say or how many things are proven, I see it every day out of my African American eyes. It is most definitely nothing I am proud of however, I would never turn my own kind away because of his/her difference. It is so ignorant that people are this way, acting just like those other racist groups. The belief of all racism ceasing to exist has been sitting on a wing and a prayer, and I severely fear that it will remain the same. Work Cited Sunami, Christopher. (2006) n. page. Print. Gosden, Chris. Race and Racism in Archaeology Introduction. March 2006, n. pag. Print.

Wudi

Abby 1/8/13 Global EssayPeriod 7 The Han Emperor Wudi accomplished umteen things and his look was important to Chinas history for many reasons. Wudi did many things to improve Chinas civilization itself. He ruled from 141-87 B. C. Wudi was the sixth emperor of the Han Dynasty. He became emperor when he was 16. He was a very fierce ruler. Wudi lived from 156-87 B. C. In that length of time that he was alive, Wudi did many things. Wudi had many accomplishments. He employ his army to expand the empire. He also used his army to capture southern China, Korea, and Vietnam.Wudi sent Zhang Qian to explore the West and the information he brought back about his discoveries led to trade along the silk road. Wudi made Confucianism his worship during his reign. Wudi had harsh, but effective punishments. He also offered gifts of silk, cattle, gold and other items to Western diplomats. So as you can see, Wudi had many accomplishments. Wudis life was important to Chinas history. Wudi joined the yellowed River to Changan and connected two main centers of trade in china. He created a network of granaries. He enhanced Chinas civilization in different ways. Wudi constructed the Great Wall, which was a major success.The Great Wall wouldnt be the way it is today if it wasnt for Wudi. He also held the military campaign against Xiongnu. He did much to enhance Chinas civilization. He grow territory, and provided means in which economy and trade could flourish. So as you can see, Wudis life was very important to Chinas history. So as you can see, Wudi accomplished many things and his life was important to Chinas history. Some thought highly of Wudi and others did not think he was an effective ruler in the Han Dynasty. Wudi had a lot of ups and downs while ruling in the Han Dynasty. He turned out to be a very successful ruler in many areas.

The Effects Of Tourism In Kenya

It has been brought to my attention that you have become concerned about the level of economic maturation in Kenya. To help solve this line of work I have prepargond a report in which I have come up with a solution to the problem.After thoroughly researching unlike methods to increase the economy, I have come to a conclusion that touristry is the best alternative to increase the riches of Kenya. In my report I depart be discussing if tourism should be back up in Kenya. I will be typefaceing at the different options of tourism, including the holidaymaker opportunities, the advantages and disadvantages and the people who will benefit from it and those that may be affected.I hope my report will be helpful and effective, please do non hesitate to contact me if u have some(prenominal) queries. Thank you.Neha BharadiaFacts Of Kenya* Kenya is located in Eastern Africa, it is found between Somalia and Tanzania.* The total bea it covers is 582,650 km. 13,400 km of this area is wate r, which leaves 569,250 km to be covered by lay* The total population is 31, 138,738 Excess mortality expected due to AIDS, this results in lower manner expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distri justion of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected.* The population growth rate is 1.15%* The highest point in Kenya is Mount Kenya which is 5,199m* The natural resources available are gold, limestone, soda ash, salt barites, rubies, fluorspar, garnets, wildlife and hydropower.* Land use (see chart 2) 7.03% tillable acres0.91% Permanent crops92.06% Other* Natural hazards that occur in Kenya are reoccurring drought and flooding during rainy seasons.* The Languages spoken in Kenya are mainly English, Swahili and Kishwahli, until now on that point are also m any(prenominal) an(prenominal) other diverse languages spoken.* The literacy rate of the entire population is 78.17%. 86.3% of tot bothy m ales are literate and 70% of all females are literate.* The climate varies from tropical along the coast to dried-out in the centre.Graphs Showing Climate in Nairobigraph 1 Chart 3Chart 2Tourism in KenyaYou can read also Classifications of RestaurantsMost tourists are attracted to tour Kenya be gain of the wildlife lay or the coastline of the Indian Ocean. People often go on holidays in Kenya, as it is something different from normal beach holidays in Europe, which prove to be very popular with tourists.Visitors to Kenya can go on various different types of safaris, as there are many different national parks and areas where wildlife can be seen. Kenya has a total of twenty-six National park and twenty-nine National Reserves. All of them occupy a total area of 44,359 sq. kilometres. They range from marine national parks, savannah-bush woodland national parks, mountain national parks, arid and semi-arid national parks, to lake ecosystem national parks/reserves. The tough five can be seen in all the national parks, these are Elephants, Rhinoceros, Buffalos, Lions, and Leopards.These are the five animals people most look forward to seeing as there are become rare species and can only be seen in certain leave-takings of the world. The marine parks are famous for their beautiful coral reefs, coral gardens, beaches and lagoons, brightly patterned coral fishes e.g. Angel fish, Parrot fish, Starfish, Sea urchins, lovely porcelain cowries, Green turtles, Octopus, Dugong and big game fish like Blue marlin, Sail fish, Giant fish, Giant grouper and Marko sharks. Kenya also accommodates the greatest crocodile colony in the world at Sibiloi National Park, and the worlds largest round of flamingos at Lake Nakuru National Park.Tourists can also visit Bamburi this is an old cement works, which has been made into an ecosystem. This transformation would have been successful without the money from tourism, and is now a tourist titration itself. Another popular place for tou rists to visit is Mount Kenya, it stands as the highest point in Kenya, and tourists can visit while on safaris. Tourists also enjoy visiting the Masai tribes they are a group of nomadic herders who move around Kenya to where the rainy season is. They like to perform shows for the tourists for which they receive money.There are also many outdoor activities that people can participate in such as camel racing, mountaineering, golf safari and white water rafting.However despite the beautiful prospect and excitingly unusual experience tourism is rapidly dropping on Kenya (See graph below).This could be due to the fact that much of the Kenyan wildlife is universe destroyed especially by tourists themselves.The Advantages of Tourism* Tourism brings in a lot Kenyas income, as chart 1 shows most of Kenyas income is through services. A big part of these services rely on tourists, this includes things such as hotels, restaurants, entertainment, gift shops as these as things that locals d o not usually spend money on.* Many jobs are created for locals in hotels, restaurants and tourist attractions. Many people in Kenya are illiterate (21.83% as shown in the research above) so this gives them opportunities to earn good money without having to do a complicated job.* Tourism can help locals and people of Kenya to try and preserve the area so it will remain attractive to tourists.* Things such as airports, roads, and water and electricity supplies will be improved, this can also benefit the locals as well as the tourists.* Tourism can also mean that local tradition and culture will be carry on in order to keep tourists interested in something new.* Tour operators pay the Maasai tribes people to entertain the tourists, and electropositive they receive extra money from any tourists who are generous enough to give them tips.* Kenya has become famously known around the world, for its luscious scenery and its simple range of wildlife.* The main people that benefit from tou rism are the service providers and local staff (tour operators, hotel staff, shops selling souvenirs), and tourists themselves as they uprise to enjoy an excellent holiday.* local anaesthetic people get some knowledge of other countries, traditions and cultures as people from many different countries visit Kenya (see chart 3). Most locals are not fortunate enough to travel to other countries, so tourism gives them an opportunity to learn about other people.*The Disadvantages of Tourism* Tourists are a hazard to the natural environment. They cause harms such as footpath and soil erosion, pollution problems caused by litter, noise and waste in rivers and the sea, land is wasted to build road, hotel, airport and luxuries for tourists to enjoy. Tourists leave the province in a mess, which the locals then have to suffer for in the future. The beautiful and peaceful surroundings get ruined which can then cause electromotive force tourism to be affected.* There are only certain season s where tourists can visit, this is usually summer, and so for the rest of the year many locals are short on work or even out left with no work. The jobs are also of low status and poorly paid, as they are not very skilled jobs, many of the employees have to get more than one job to support their families.* In the national parks tourists demand to see the animals from a finishing view, this disturbs the animals.* A lot of the money brought in through tourism does not end up helping the country only 15% of the money dog-tired on a holiday reaches Kenya.* Land is use to build developments on which mean people like farmers, fishermen and small businesses can lose their land and thusly be left without work.* As Kenya is a LEDC it suffers more from tourism than MEDCs because they lack human expertise and money, which makes them less effective than MEDCs.* The local culture may not be preserved but forgotten if locals are more willing to favour towards western tourists than to keep thei r traditions. They will want to please tourists and change to fit their needs.* Tourists do not respect the traditions and values of the Kenyan people they can be disrespectful towards the people and towards their beliefs.* The Maasai tribes people have been thrown off their land and only been given a small amount of space to herd their cattle and plant their crops.* The Maasai are also tricked b the tour operators into entertaining for a chap price, although they charge a lot more for tourists to visit them.* Clean water supplies are used up by tourists, leaving only a small amount for locals.* The main people that suffer from the affects of tourism are locals who feel their authority is not respected by tourists, and the Maasai, who do not get compensated enough for tourists using their landA SolutionThe problems of tourism can, in some cases, be solved in a way that all people can benefit. The main solution would be to use green tourism in Kenya. This is where tourism is environ mentally friendly. There are many ways of saving eco-tourism about these are some of the ways.* There will be a special path for safaris only certain types of cars can travel on these.* Tourists will not be allowed to walk around the parks, even if they are accompanied.* Tourists must not get too close to the animals or disturb them in any way.* They must not litter or cause any type of pollution.* The Maasai must receive at least half the profit made from any tour operators, and must be paid for the land that it is being used by tourists.* Tourists must respect the traditions and laws of Kenya, this includes being proper dressed at all times and following the rules given to them.* Money made from tourism should go towards paying staff and developing the environment of the country.* Only small parts of the land should be used to development tourism.* The locals should be respected, this means still being able to have a good water supply and not being over-run by tourists.If these n eeds can be met by both the Kenyan government and the tourists, the tourism will not only help the countrys economy but will also preserve the environment.By introducing this type of tourism in Kenya it will help everyone by the following ways.* The environment will be preserved this will help in the sustainable development of tourism in the country. The animals will be kept safe and unharmed, as well as the verdancy and other surroundings.* The locals will benefit because the country can be developed with the income of tourism.* Tourist will be able to enjoy their holiday, while still being able to secure the country for tourism in the future.* The Maasai will be able to get the kind of money they deserve.ConclusionShould tourism be encouraged in Kenya?After analysing many pieces of evidence, it is obvious that tourism plays a large active role in the countrys economy. It brings in a lot of the money, however there are many problems concerning this. One of the biggest problems is that the country is getting damaged in the process this stops the sustainable development of tourism. Another major problem is that tourism is only seasonal, which means that tourism cannot be relied on as the main source of income. Although it can bring in more than most industries and agriculture, it cannot always be successful. One other problem is that is concerning the government is that most of the money spent by foreigners on holidays to Kenya does not actually reach the country itself.However if introducing eco-tourism solves the problem of tourists damaging the environment then everyone can enjoy tourism. The other two problems cannot really be solved drastically, but Kenya can still benefit from tourism.I believe that although Kenya is a good resort for tourism, so it should be encouraged under the rules of green tourism. In spite of this it is still not consistent passim the year, which mean Kenya also needs another major source of income. The Kenyan government should us e the natural resources found on the land to their advantage, for example they could merchandise the gold, rubies and other precious stones found in the country. This will guarantee them an income when the tourist season is not on.